ANALYSIS OF JOKOWI ECONOMIC POLICY

                                       ANALYSIS OF JOKOWI ECONOMIC POLICY
                                                                   By David Raja Marpaung

A. Economic Package Vol I

President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) finally launched a three economic policy package that aims to boost the economy of Indonesia. The package also aims to address the world economic developments that impact on the economy of many countries, including Indonesia.The policy package was issued September 2015. Phase I of the first policy, encouraging national industrial competitiveness through deregulation, de-bureaucratization, law enforcement and business certainty.  

There are at least 89 regulatory overhaul of as many as 154 proposed rules to be overhauled, so that it can eliminate duplication, strengthen the coherence and consistency and cut regulations that are not relevant or hamper the competitiveness of national industries Moreover, it has prepared 17 draft regulations, 11 draft a presidential decree, two draft presidential order, 63 draft ministerial regulation, and five other ministers to support the rule of the deregulation process.  
The government also permits simplification, improved working procedures of licensing, strengthening the synergies, improving service quality, as well as the use of electronic-based services. The Government committed to resolving all the deregulation package in September and October 2015.

Second, accelerate the national strategic projects to remove obstacles and blockages in the implementation and completion of a national strategic project. This was done to simplify the clearance, settlement spatial and land supply, as well as the acceleration of the procurement of government goods and services.

Third, increased investment in the property by issuing policies to encourage the construction of housing, especially for low-income communities (MBR), as well as investment opportunities were greater in the property sector.This package aims to boost the real sector Indonesia which ultimately provide the foundation for the progress of our economy leap forward. Thus, it can be concluded that the policy of economic rescue package first phase focuses on three major things, namely improving the competitiveness of the industry, accelerate the national strategic projects, and encourage investment in the property sector.B. Economic Package Volume II

Economic Policy Package Phase II was launched on Tuesday 29 Semptember.Berbeda with the Economic Policy Package I, which includes many regulations, this time President Joko Widodo steer economic policy package to focus on improving the investment. Forms of this effort in the form of deregulation and de-bureaucratization regulations to facilitate investment, both domestic investment (domestic) and foreign direct investment (FDI). This is the complete contents of the second phase of economic policies of President Jokowi:

1) Ease of Investment Services 3 HoursTo attract investment, policy breakthroughs that will do is provide a fast service in the form of an investment license within three hours in the Industrial Area. With permission, investors can directly conduct investment activities. Regulation is needed for quick service investment 3 hours are BKPM Chief Regulation and Government Regulations regarding Industrial Zone as well as the Regulation of the Minister of Finance.

2) Handling Tax Allowance and Tax Holiday FasterAfter the 25-day requirement and application met, the government pocketed the investment decisions that can receive tax allowance or not. As for the tax holiday, the Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro decide endorsement maximum 45 days after all requirements are met.

3) Government Not Pick VAT For TransportThe policy set forth regulations that have been published, the Government Regulation number 69 in 2015 on the import and delivery of certain transport equipment and the services are taxable, certain related transport is free of VAT. The government will provide incentives not levy VAT on several means of transport, mainly shipbuilding, railways, aircraft, and includes spare parts

4) Incentive facilities in Zone Bonded Logistics CenterWith the logistics center, the manufacturing company does not need to import and do not need to take the goods from abroad for quite take away from bonded warehouses. According to the plan until the end of the year there will be two bonded logistics center is ready to operate, ie in Cikarang related to the manufacturing sector and in related fuel Merak. "We want with this regulation, our competitiveness for the bonded logistics center could be strengthened and the more bonded logistics center operating in Indonesia," said Bambang Brodjonegoro Minister of Finance.

5) Incentives deposit interest tax deductionThis incentive applies especially exporters are obliged to report foreign exchange export proceeds (DHE) to Bank Indonesia. DHE is stored in the form of deposits of one month, the rate will be lowered by 10 percent, 3 months, to 7.5 percent, 6 months to 2.5 percent and above the 6 month 0 percent. If converted into rupiah, then charge 1 month to 7.5 percent, 5 percent of 3 months, and 6 months straight 0 percent.

6) Streamlining Permits Forestry SectorPermission for investment and productive forestry sector will go faster. Currently the Ministry of Environment and Forests issued a total of 14 licenses. In phase two policy packages, the permit process streamlined into six licenses. Downsizing involves the revision of regulation 9 of the Minister of Environment and Forests.

C. Economy Package Volume III

President Joko Widodo make economic policy Volume III for the period from the beginning of October. The focus this time a package of measures to improve and simplify the business climate, as well as clarifying the licensing and terms of doing business in Indonesia. In this package there are two major points that the tariff reduction and or price. Secondly, simplification of land clearance, land sector for investment activities.

 For the first group of fuel prices, the price of aviation fuel, liquefied petroleum gas 12 kilograms, pertamax and effective pertalite down since 2015. The figure is explained Mr. Sudirman (Sudirman Said Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources). Fixed premium price. Meanwhile, for the industrial gas prices will be set according the purchasing power of the industry. Its because the government needs to change the rules on non-tax revenues (non-tax). Therefore, the decision to lower the price of gas industry is done by reducing the state's revenue from non-tax revenues. The decline in gas prices did not affect the receipt from the gas company's contract of work, only reduced its non-tax revenues and the cost of distribution.

Furthermore, for the electricity tariff of PT PLN (Persero) had imposed tariffs adjustment (adjustment) and for customers with I3 and I4 type of adjustment has been made. In this package, the state-run Electricity also adds incentive to provide discount prices on electricity consumption for midnight. (Especially from 23:00 to 08:00 am at 30%)Volume III package of measures also changed the policy regarding the recipient's business credit (KUR). Previously, families who have a regular income alias KUR employee can not be named for fear konsumtif.Sebab the fact that many employees, his wife go to the salon, warkop. So long used for productive activities such as the KUR given that it was categorized as productive KUR not consumptive.

The next point, the simplification of permit land to the land sector for investment activities by revising the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial No. 2 of 2015 on Standards of Agrarian Services and Settings.

In the revision, the points concerning the granting of land rights, the right to cultivate (HGU), granting the rights, privileges, and renewal rights will be simplified with a shorter time. To request HGU land area of ​​200 hectares (ha) that previously took 30 to 90 days is simplified to just 20 working days. As for the land over 200 ha to 45 working days. Meanwhile, the extension of the concession area of ​​200 ha previously 20 to 50 days has been shortened to seven working days and 14 working days to land over 200 ha.

D. Economic Package Volume IV

 In the economic package of volumes IV, the policy is more focused on the issue of labor, business credit (KUR), to the export financing institution. Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Nasution said the government decided to establish a formula for a simple and clear to the provincial minimum wage (UMP). It aims to open the widest possible employment and improve the welfare of workers. In addition, the minimum wage formulation systems is also a proof of the presence of the state in the form of the provision of social safety nets. Because, with this formula ensures that the workers do not receive rations low wages, and employers also gain certainty in the attempt. So, with this policy also ensured labor costs rise each year with measurable magnitudes.

In addition, the presence of the state on society is by reducing the burden of living expenses through the magic card Jokowi. Countries present in fostering tripartite social dialogue between workers and employers, so no need to waste time and energy as we count through realization.The second policy regarding such KUR originally been included in the package of economic policies previously issued. The emphasis, in this package modified loan recipient and will be given to individuals or employees who do economically productive activities. KUR can be given to prospective Indonesian migrant workers who will work abroad. These credits, could also be given to family members of workers who earn fixed and do economically productive activities. As well as to the Indonesian workers who work abroad and open a business.

                                                             Jokowi Maritime Policy  
                                                            By David Raja Marpaung

Geopolitical maritime policy is a policy that most comprehension potential for Indonesia to develop. This policy is based on the assumption that the state is a maritime area of ​​national power besides aspects of land area.
Condition is utilized by Jokowi with the advent of the shaft maritime policy that shows the typical orientation keciri model of Indonesia's foreign policy in the era of Jokowi. By relying on access directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean bring Indonesia Jokowi wants to restore to the original identity as an archipelago with the archipelago insight maritime cultural base is accompanied by all the maritime potential ownership to over 17,000 islands of Indonesia.
Indonesia's foreign policy in the era of  Jokowi apparent from sheets vision and mission on the page to the 6 already that the orientation of the foreign policy of Jokowi on maritime geopolitics. This concept adopts the theory of geopolitics as a pioneer Alfred Thayer Mahan maritime orientation proving that sea power is an instrument of the state to the maritime world in geopolitical paradigm. Proven by the manageran ocean that both the United States as a source of strength orientation of the economy and the future of national defense.
Jokowi to capitalize on the potential seriousness of the national maritime supported by the establishment of the Maritime Security Agency through Presidential Decree No. 178 of 2014 and the formation of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Resource Coordinator RI accordance Presidential Instruction No. 10 in 2015. The formation of the two bodies the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime who oversees four ministries namely Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, the Ministry of Tourism, the Ministry of Transportation.
Direction of foreign policy Jokowi bring Indonesia into the century "geopolitics". This concept is based on the transformation of the nature of the libensraum country, where every country compete better compete for power domination small countries as well as a great country in the spatial world. This approach refers to the overall relationship between politics and geography, economy and specifically related to the foreign policy of a country. Knox Paul that "is the state's power to control space and territory and shape foreign policy of individual states and the international political relations."
Related to the sea boundary Indonesia has about 17,504 islands, but are registered in the new United Nations 13 466 and 92 outermost islands of Indonesia there are 31 uninhabited islands. With this condition, Indonesia should be involved in the dispute sea area with ASEAN countries including China, Australia, India, Palau, Timor Leste to date of all such disputes there has been no agreement formally for all types of disputes both dispute the territorial sea, the sea EEZ and continental shelf.This reality can not be denied of course due to the geopolitical location of Indonesia as a state of the island. Talking about geopolitical influence makes one of the causes of disputes between countries. Geopolitical concerns the structure of the state, the shape of the country, making the country  its foreign policy is based on the physical reality of his country. Conditions should be addressed properly by the government in the global level of governance so that this issue has become the focus of joint.

Kebijakan Maritim Era Kokowi

Kebijakan Maritim Era Jokowi

Oleh David Raja Marpaung

(email:davidrajamarpaung@gmail.com)

Kebijakan geopolitik maritim merupakan sebuah kebijakan yang potensial dan  paling komprhensif  bagi Indonesia untuk dikembangkan. Kebijakan ini di dasarkan  pada asumsi negara bahwa wilayah maritime merupakan kekuatan nasional selain aspek wilayah daratan.

Kondisi inilah yang dimanfaatkan oleh Jokowi dengan munculnya kebijakan  poros maritimnya yang menunjukan keciri khas orientasi model kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia di era Jokowi. Dengan bertumpu pada akses berbatasan langsung dengan  Samudra Hindia dan Samudra Pasifik membawa Jokowi ingin mengembalikan Indonesia kepada identitas semula yakni sebagai negara kepulauan dengan basis budaya maritim wawasan nusantara disertai dengan segala kepemilikan potensi maritim terhadap 17.000 pulau lebih yang dimiliki Indonesia.

Kebijakan politik luar negeri Indonesia di era Jokowi terlihat jelas dari lembar  visi dan misi pada halaman ke 6 yang sudah bahwa orientasi kebijakan politik luar  negeri Jokowi pada geopolitik maritim. Konsep ini mengadopsi teori geopolitik Alfred  Thayer Mahan sebagai pelopor orientasi maritim yang membuktikan bahwa kekuatan  laut merupakan instrumen negara untuk menguasai dunia dalam paradigma geopolitik maritim. Terbukti dengan pengelola

an laut yang baik oleh Amerika Serikat sebagai orientasi kekuatan sumber ekonomi dan pertahanan negara dimasa itu.

Keseriusan Jokowi untuk mengkapitalisasi potensi maritim nasional didukung  oleh terbentuknya Badan Keamanan Laut melalui Instruksi Presiden no 178 tahun 2014 serta terbentuknya Kementrian Koordinator Bidang Maritim dan Sumberdaya RI sesuai  Inpres nomor 10 tahun 2015. Terbentuknya dua intansi tersebut yakni Kementrian  Koordinator Bidang Maritim yang membawahi empat kementrian yakni Kementrian ESDM, Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Kementrian Pariwisata, Kementrian Perhubungan.

Arah kebijakan politik luar negeri Jokowi membawa Indonesia memasuki abad  “geopolitics”. Konsep ini didasarkan pada transformasi sifat negara yang libensraum, dimana setiap negara berlomba memperebutkan kekuasan dominasi baik negara kecil

maupun negara besar dalam spasial dunia. Pendekatan ini mengacu pada hubungan  keseluruhan antara politik dan geografi, ekonomi dan secara khusus berkaitan dengan  kebijakan politik luar negeri suatu negara. Knox Paul bahwa “is the state ‘s power to  control space and territory and shape foreign policy of individual states and international political relations.”

Berhubungan dengan batas laut Indonesia memiliki sekitar 17.504 pulau namun yang  terdaftar di PBB baru 13.466 dan dari 92 pulau terluar Indonesia ada 31 pulau  yang tidak berpenghuni. Dengan kondisi ini, Indonesia harus terlibat sengketa wilayah laut dengan beberapa negara ASEAN termasuk Tiongkok, Australia, India, Palau, Timor Leste yang sampai  saat ini dari semua sengketa tersebut belum ada kesepakatan secara resmi untuk semua  jenis sengketa baik sengketa laut territorial, laut ZEE dan landasan kontinen.

Realitas ini tidak bisa dipungkiri tentunya akibat letak geopolitik Indonesia sebagi negara pulau. Berbicara tentang pengaruh geopolitik ini menjadikan salah satu sebab sengketa antar negara. Geopolitik menyangkut struktur negara, bentuk negara, sehingga menjadikan  negara tersebut meng ambil kebijakan luar negerinya berdasarkan realitas fisik negaranya. Kondisi harus disikapi dengan baik oleh pemerintah dalam level  global governance agar isu ini menjadi fokus bersama .

Analysis of Indonesia Navy

                                                         Analysis of Indonesia Navy

                                                          By David Raja Marpaung
                                                (Email: davidrajamarpaung@gmail.com)



Indonesian Navy, or abbreviated Navy has a formidable task. They must secure 3,544,743.9 square kilometers of ocean Indonesia. Currently the Navy has two fighter fleet strength is the western and eastern fleet with major defense equipment KRI 154 and KAL 209, 2nd Marine division and equitable distribution base.

 Navy has 74 thousand active personnel. Global Firepower believes largest naval force Indonesia reached 221 warships. This amount consists of two submarines, six frigates, 10 corvettes, 16 corvettes and 21 anti-submarine missile boat. Meanwhile, there are 51 patrol boats, 12 minesweepers and 4 amphibious transports.
Under the sea, the Navy relies on two submarines flagship, namely KRI Cakra (401) and Nanggala (402). Indonesia is also still awaiting the arrival of the vessel Chang Bogo class of South Korea. At sea level, the Navy has a frigate made in the Netherlands, namely the Sigma-reinforced grade weapon types OTO Melara 76 mm, Oerlikon Millennium Gun system, VLS SAM MICA, Exocet MM40 Block III SSM and triple-class torpedo tubes.Sedangkan Ahmad Yani confirmed guns OTO Melara 76 mm, twin Simbad SAM, SSM or C-802 Yakhont SS-N-26 SSM and triple Mk 32 torpedo launchers. In addition to the ship, the Navy also operates 55 aircraft.

Fleet strength


Western fleet
The main Pangkalann in Tanjung Pinang and Belawan, Dumai supporter bases, Batam, Natuna, Lhokseumawe, Sabang, Padang, Mempawah. Number KRI KRI 80-85 range of different types (frigate, corvette, KCR, LPD, LST). Fleet monitoring western region is the Malacca Strait, Singapore Strait, Natuna Sea, Strait Karimata and the West Coast of Sumatra reinforced with 3 Marine Brigade.

Central fleet
The main base in Surabaya and Jakarta, supporter base Makassar, Balikpapan, Tarakan, Bitung, Cilacap, Lampung Bay and Benoa. Central Fleet KRI reinforced with 85-90 units of various types including submarines, hospitals. Supervisory region is the Sunda Strait, Java Sea, southern coast of Java, Bali Strait, Lombok Strait, Makassar Strait and the Sulawesi Sea. Central Fleet Marine Brigade reinforced with 4.

Eastern fleet
The main base in Ambon and Kupang, supporter base in Merauke, Jayapura, Sorong and Ternate. Distribution ranges between 82-85 KRI KRI of various types (frigate, corvettes, submarines). Areas of oversight is the Timor Sea, Arafuru Sea, Banda Sea, Maluku, North Coast Papua. Given the contours of the sea in this wiayah is the sea in the KRI operating is of type frigate and corvette. Eastern Fleet Marine Brigade reinforced with 3.
To get to the power of three of the fleet TN AL already spread its wings by establishing new bases, namely Teluk Bayur, Kupang, Merauke, Tarakan. KRI distribution according to the scenario, each base support units permanently stationed there are at least three corvettes KRI / Fregat and 5 FPB to oversee the surrounding waters. In support base that will be placed one battalion of the Marines' base defense. While in the main base there are rows corvette, frigate, FPB, LPD, submarines and other units of the Marines who escorted the brigade level complete with weaponry (Amphibious tanks, amphibious armored vehicles, missiles, howitzers).

Analisis Kekuatan Angkatan Laut Indondesia

Analisis Kekuatan Angkatan Laut Indondesia

Oleh David Raja Marpaung

(email: davidrajamarpaung@gmail.com)

Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut, atau disingkat TNI AL memiliki tugas yang amat berat. Mereka harus mengamankan 3.544.743,9 kilometer persegi lautan Indonesia. Saat ini TNI AL memiliki kekuatan dua armada tempur yaitu armada barat dan timur dengan alutsista utama 154 KRI dan 209 KAL, 2 divisi Marinir dan sebaran pangkalan yang merata.

 TNI AL memiliki 74 ribu personel aktif. Situs Global Firepower meyakini kekuatan laut Indonesia mencapai 221 kapal perang. Jumlah tersebut terdiri atas 2 kapal selam, 6 kapal frigat, 10 korvet, 16 korvet antikapal selam serta 21 kapal misil. Sementara, terdapat 51 kapal patroli, 12 kapal penyapu ranjau serta 4 kapal transport amfibi.

Di bawah laut, TNI AL mengandalkan dua kapal selam andalannya, yakni KRI Cakra (401) dan KRI Nanggala (402). Indonesia juga masih menunggu kedatangan kapal kelas Chang Bogo dari Korea Selatan. Di permukaan laut, TNI AL memiliki kapal frigat buatan Belanda, yakni kelas Sigma yang diperkuat senjata jenis OTO Melara 76 mm, Oerlikon Millennium Gun system, VLS MICA SAM, Exocet MM40 Block III SSM dan triple torpedo tubes.Sedangkan kelas Ahmad Yani diperkuat senjata OTO Melara 76 mm, twin Simbad SAM, C-802 SSM atau Yakhont SS-N-26 SSM serta triple Mk 32 torpedo launchers. Selain kapal, TNI AL juga mengoperasikan 55 pesawat.

Kekuatan Armada

Armada Barat

Pangkalann utama di Tanjung Pinang dan Belawan, pangkalan pendukung Dumai, Batam, Natuna, Lhok Seumawe, Sabang, Padang, Mempawah.  Jumlah KRI berkisar 80-85 KRI dari berbagai jenis (Fregat, Korvet, KCR, LPD, LST).  Wilayah pengawasan Armada barat adalah Selat Malaka, Selat Singapura, Laut Natuna, Selat Karimata dan Pantai Barat Sumatera diperkuat dengan 3 Brigade Marinir.

Armada Tengah

Pangkalan utama di Surabaya dan Jakarta, pangkalan pendukung Makassar, Balikpapan, Tarakan, Bitung, Cilacap, Teluk Lampung dan Benoa.  Armada Tengah diperkuat dengan 85-90 KRI dari berbagai jenis termasuk satuan kapal selam, kapal rumah sakit.  Wilayah pengawasannya adalah Selat Sunda, Laut Jawa, Pantai Selatan Jawa, Selat Bali, Selat Lombok, Selat Makassar dan Laut Sulawesi.  Armada Tengah diperkuat dengan 4 Brigade Marinir.

Armada Timur

Pangkalan utama  di Ambon dan Kupang, pangkalan pendukung di Merauke, Jayapura, Sorong dan Ternate.  Sebaran KRI berkisar antara 82-85 KRI dari berbagai jenis (Fregat, Korvet, Kapal Selam).  Wilayah pengawasan adalah Laut Timor, Laut Arafuru, Laut Banda, Laut Maluku, Pantai Utara Papua.  Mengingat kontur laut di wiayah ini adalah laut dalam maka KRI yang beroperasi adalah dari jenis Fregat dan Korvet.  Armada Timur diperkuat dengan 3 Brigade Marinir.

Untuk menuju kekuatan tiga armada itu TN AL sudah melebarkan sayapnya dengan membentuk pangkalan-pangkalan baru yaitu Teluk Bayur, Kupang, Merauke, Tarakan. Sesuai skenario sebaran KRI maka setiap pangkalan pendukung ditempatkan secara permanen satuan KRI minimal ada 3 korvet/Fregat dan 5 FPB untuk mengawasi perairan di sekitarnya. Di pangkalan pendukung itu akan ditempatkan 1 batalyon pasukan marinir pertahanan pangkalan. Sementara di pangkalan utama ada barisan Korvet, Fregat, FPB, LPD, Kapal Selam dan lain-lain yang dikawal satuan Marinir setingkat brigade lengkap dengan persenjataannya (Tank Amphibi, Panser Amphibi, Rudal, Howitzer).

Analysis of the Indonesian Air Force

                                          Analysis of the Indonesian Air Force

                                                   By David Raja Marpaung                                                   
                                       (Email: davidrajamarpaung@gmail.com)






Indonesian Air Force today has already had seven fighter squadrons, four squadron\of transport planes and 3 helicopters squadrons. For radar, the Air Force has had 22 radar throughout Indonesia .. However, in accordance with the plan of minimum essential force in 2024 later Indonesia are in need of 11 fighter squadrons, so still need four squadrons again. Transport Squadron took six, still less 2 squadron. As for helicopters, Indonesia need the extra 2 squadron, making it the fourth squadron. While radar we need 32 units, now has 22 units.

For fighter aircraft, the Air Force is still operate 12 units of F-16 Fighting Falcon Block 15 A / B OCU, and coupled with the arrival of 24 pieces of F-16 variants C / D 52ID. Besides, products of the United States, Indonesia also has Russian-made aircraft, including five units of Sukhoi Su-27 SK / SKM and 11 Su-30 MK / MK2. In addition, there are 16 units of fighter jets KAI T-50 Golden Eagle and 12 units of EMB 314 Super Tucano.

Indonesia also has two squadrons of fighter Hawk-109/209 made in England which will soon be replaced through the revitalization program of defense equipment. Other Indonesian fighter aircraft is the F-5 E / F Tiger II that has become a mainstay of the Indonesian air force since the 1980s. The fighter was once Indonesia purchased 12 units, but due to old age and the presence of some accidents, so the number that can be operational at this time only a few units.

To support the air defense, the Air Force has 37 850 active duty personnel.

Analisis Kekuatan Angkatan Udara Indonesia

Analisis Kekuatan Angkatan Udara Indonesia

Oleh David Raja Marpaung

(email: davidrajamarpaung@gmail.com)

Angkatan Udara Indonesia saat ini telah telah memiliki 7 skadron tempur, 4 skadron pesawat angkut dan 3 skadron helikopter. Untuk radar, TNI AU telah memiliki 22 radar di seluruh Indonesia.. Namun sesuai dengan rencana minimum essential force pada 2024 nanti Indonesia  membutuh 11 skadron tempur, sehingga masih perlu 4 skadron lagi. Skadron Angkut butuh 6, masih kurang 2 skadron. Sementara untuk helikopter, Indonesia mebutuhkan tambahan 2 skadron,sehingga menjadi 4 skadron. Sementara radar kita butuh 32 unit, sekarang baru 22 unit.

Untuk pesawat tempur, TNI AU sampai saat ini masih mengoperasikan 12 unit F-16 Fighting Falcon Block 15 A/B OCU, dan ditambah dengan kedatangan 24 buah unit F-16 dengan varian C/D 52ID.Selain produk Amerika Serikat , Indonesia juga memiliki pesawat buatan Rusia, antara lain 5 unit Sukhoi Su-27 SK/SKM dan 11 Su-30 MK/MK2. Selain itu, masih ada 16 unit jet tempur KAI T-50 Golden Eagle dan 12 unit EMB 314 Super Tucano.

Indonesia juga masih memiliki 2 skuadron  Pesawat tempur Hawk-109/209 buatan Inggris yang akan segera diganti melalui program revitalisasi alutsista. Pesawat tempur Indonesia lainnya adalah F-5 E/F Tiger II yang sudah menjadi andalan angkatan udara Indonesia sejak tahun 1980an. Pesawat tempur ini dulunya dibeli Indonesia sebanyak 12 unit, namun karena usia yang sudah tua serta adanya beberapa kecelakaan, sehingga jumlahnya yang bisa operasional saat ini hanya beberapa unit saja.

Untuk mendukung pertahanan udara,  TNI AU memiliki 37.850 personel yang masih aktif berdinas.

Analisis Strategis Kepuluan Natuna

Analisis Strategis Kepulauan Natuna

Oleh David Raja Marpaug

Kepulauan Natuna merupakan salah sayu kepulauan terluar di Indonesia yag memiliki lokasi yag strategis, khususya dalam bidang pertahanan. Peter Thompson dan Robert Macklin dalam buku Kill the Tiger mengungkapkan dua operasi pada masa Perang Dunia II yang dilancarkan dari Kepulauan Riau. Operasi pertama, Jaywick, dilakukan pada 27 September 1943 dari Kepulauan Riau ke Pelabuhan Singapura, yang ketika itu bernama Syonanto. Operasi itu berhasil menghancurkan kapal- kapal Jepang yang berada di Keppel Harbour Singapura.

Operasi kedua, operasi Rimau, dilaksanakan pada Oktober 1944, tetapi berakhir dengan kegagalan. Selain Jaywick dan Rimau, Panglima Sekutu untuk Mandala Asia Tenggara Laksamana Lord Louis Monbatten—paman dari Pangeran Charles, Putra Mahkota Kerajaan Inggris—merancang Operasi Hornbill atau Operasi Burung Rangkong. Operasi itu bertujuan menguasai Kepulauan Natuna untuk basis serangan terhadap Indochina Perancis di sekitar Saigon dan juga menyerang Singapura. Operasi Hornbill di Kepulauan Natuna belum sempat dilaksanakan sekutu karena Jepang telanjur menyerah pada Agustus 1945.

Melihat pentingnya posisi Natuna, Menteri Pertahanan Ryamizard Ryacudu mengungkapkan bahwa keamanan dan pemberdayaan wilayah perbatasan akan menjadi salah satu poin penting dalam Kebijakan Pertahanan Negara Tahun 2016.

Atas arahan Menteri Pertahanan, Kepala Staf Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut Laksamana Ade Supandi menegaskan, keamanan wilayah perbatasan laut di Kabupaten Kepulauan Natuna, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, sedang diperkuat. Menurut perencanaan, TNI AL akan memiliki sekurangnya 12 kapal selam baru sebagai lanjutan program pengadaan empat kapal selam kelas Chang Bo Go dari Korea Selatan. Pengembangan pangkalan TNI AL di Natuna sesuai perencanaan strategis.

Potensi Konflik di Natuna 

Seorang analis politik Victor Robert Lee mengatakan bahwa konflik antara pemerintah Indonesia dan Cina di kepulauan Natuna bermula ketika China secara sepihak pada 2009 menggambar sembilan titik ditarik dari Pulau Spratly di tengah Laut China Selatan, lalu diklaim sebagai wilayah Zona Ekonomi Eksklusifnya.Garis putus-putus yang diklaim pembaruan atas peta 1947 itu membuat Indonesia marah. Padahal RI sebenarnya berencana menjadi penengah negara-negara yang berkonflik akibat Laut China Selatan.

 Ketegangan yang terjadi di Natuna semakin mencekam. Semenjak insiden tepergoknya Kapal Motor Kway Fey 10078 berbendera Tiongkok saat melakukan aktivitas penangkapan ikan di perairan Natuna, pada Maret 2016. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan mendeteksi kapal nelayan Tiongkok pada hari itu pukul 15.14 WIB berada di koordinat 5 derajat lintang utara dan 109 derajat bujur timur yang merupakan Zona Eksklusif Ekonomi (ZEE) Indonesia.

Insiden itu berbuntut protes resmi dari pemerintah Indonesia karena upaya penindakan yang hendak dilakukan oleh tim KKP dihalang-halangi oleh kapal patroli milik badan keamanan laut (coastguard) Tiongkok. Kapal penjaga pantai (coast guard) milik Angkatan Laut China nekat menerobos perbatasan. Tak hanya itu, mereka juga menabrak dan menarik paksa kapal yang baru saja ditangkap operasi gabungan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan bersama TNI AL. Akibat ulah dari kapal coast guard China yang menerabas wilayah perairan Natuna, Indonesia ini belum usai. Hal ini membuat pemerintah Indonesia kini berencana meningkatkan pengamanan wilayah perbatasan itu.

 Kebijakan untuk membangun dan memperkuat pangkalan militer di kepulauan Natuna merupakan langkah konkrit Pemerintah Indonesia untuk mengantisipasi ancaman yang datang dari konflik laut cina selatan. Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Udara (KSAU), Marsekal TNI Agus Supriatna menyatakan bahwa kepulauan Natuna akan dijadikan pangkalan militer terpadu seperti pangkalan militer “Pearl Harbour” milik Amerika Serikat. Sementara itu, Komisi I DPR telah menyetujui realokasi anggaran Rp 450 miliar untuk memperkuat pangkalan TNI di Natuna. Realokasi anggaran diajukan Kementerian Pertahanan karena intensitas ketegangan di Laut China Selatan meningkat beberapa waktu terakhir.