Flight Information Region Issues
Between Indonesia And Singapore
By David Raja Marpaung S.IP M.Def
Identification of Problems
Flight Information Region (FIR) is a division of airspace which aims to ensure flight safety and security established by countries belonging to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).FIR is required for flight operations and are based media space flight safety considerations.
In the FIR implementation has generated a lot of obstacles both in Indonesia and the implementation of civil aviation and law enforcement operations in the region around Tanjung Pinang and Natuna conducted by both the Air Defense Command nationwide as well as by the Navy to conduct Maritime Operations, for the control of air space exists at the Singapore Air Traffic Control (ATC Singapore).
For example the flight path from Tanjung Pinang to Ranai or otherwise can not fly straight, so it will add to the air time that will also add another pesawatContoh operating costs for military aircraft that will perform the operation, air patrol and military exercises around Natuna Batam and Tanjung Pinang was often hampered due to the setting of air space by Singapore ATC is merely prelude to her own kepenti. It hurts our sense of nationalism.
FIR zoning often does not refer to the country's airspace sovereign so often in conflict with the sovereignty of a country. Basic Flight Information Region, the laws contained in Article 28 of the Chicago Convention in 1944 and 1944 Chicago Convention Annex 11, which reads, "undertakes, so far as it may find practicable, to Provide, in its territory, airports, radio services, meteorological services, navigation and other water water facilities to facilitate international navigation, in accordance with the standards and practices recommended or established from time to time, pursuant to this Convention ".
However according to Annex 11, Indonesia may delegate scouting air traffic to the other country and it is also contained in Article 262 paragraph (1) point (a) and Law No. 1 Year 2009 on Aviation.Delegation does not reduce the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. If Indonesia is considered to have capable, then the delegation is to be returned to Indonesia. Usually when a country has been unable to control its air space as has been experienced by Vietnam at the beginning of its independence, the ATC in the FIR airspace was taken over by the state of Thailand. With the same case with Indonesia, Vietnam is now taking over ATC in the FIR which was originally delegated to Thailand, which are required at the time of the Regional Air Navigation (RAN) Meeting in Bangkok
Singapore's current existence of FIR in accordance with the Agreement Between the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Republic of Singapore on the Realignment of the Boundary Between the Singapore Flight Information Region and the Jakarta Flight Information Region, dated 21 September 1995.H al principal contained in the agreement signed in 1995 are:
In Section 2 the agreement between Indonesia and Singapore which has been determined that the Indonesian delegate control of airspace in the Riau Islands Indonesia to Singapore (the Agreement between Indonesia and Singapore at the time it was just called the Natuna).
Agreement between Indonesia and Singapore are set to expire after five years from the signature, so the agreement on the delegation of Singapore FIR has ended on September 21, 2000. If the agreement had expired in 2000, then the laws of Singapore does not have the right to control the ATC in the Singapore FIR because it does not comply with the conditions set by ICAO, mainly in Annex 11.
Implications of the Singapore FIR
Mastery of the FIR by Seingapura Trafficc Air Control (air traffic control) then all aviation laws and regulations to follow rules made by the Singapore government. Therefore, the control of ATC by Singapore's national air sovereignty in the region, namely the Riau Islands has implications for Indonesia. The implications are as follows:
A. Violations of State Sovereignty in the Air
National Air Defense Command (Kohanudnas) through the unit under the command staffs Sector I (doormat I) has often captured the movement of foreign aircraft, especially military aircraft in the Riau Islands Singapore via Tanjung Pinang Unit 213 Radar and Radar Unit Natuna 212 aircraft movements without a Clearance light that should have become imperative if foreign aircraft flying in airspace Indonesia. This action is categorized as a black flight and an act of violation of national airspace. Airspace violations that occurred during 2008 in Kosekhanudnas 1 is 18 times and 15 times in 2009 (Data from Kosekhanudnas I, 2010)
B. Aspects of Air Defense weakness.
With limited land, sea and airspace at the same time, the control of ATC in Singapore is providing the opportunity and flexibility to Singapore to perform illegal acts such as intelligence activities, aerial photography and train pilots to carry out the exercise / training in Indonesian airspace. If this situation persists then the event of open conflict then Singapore will rely on speed and surprise.
C. Economic losses
The meaning of Article 6 of Republic Act Indonesi N0 1 in 2009
Flight of the very clearly states that the flight of foreign aircraft routes through Indonesia's national airspace must obtain permission from the government of Indonesia, and the government has the authority and responsibility to build a defense strategy and enhance the national economy by utilizing the air media.
In explanation of the article also mentioned that the airspace of the air space above the water and land of the Republic of Indonesia is a national treasure that must be harnessed for the magnitude for the benefit of the people, nation and state.
Indonesian Government Regulation No. 14 of 2000 on Tariffs on Non-Tax State Revenue applicable to the Department of Transportation made to optimize revenues to support the development of the country for the welfare of the people. From the economic aspect, the air space is definitely one of the sources of revenues other than oil and gas, as any flight over the territory of Indonesia subject to levy,
According to Tariff Section Chief of Air Transport Services Air Transport Directorate of the Ministry of Transportation: "The whole of Indonesia airspace by foreign aircraft crossed the international routes including the charges levied, except
A sector of the Singapore FIR are collected by the Singapore government and then submitted to the Government of Indonesia "
Restoring Sovereignty business
There has been some takeover attempts FIR has been delegated to Singapore. However, the problem when it is Government Regulation no. 38 of 2002 on the Register of Geographic Coordinates The base line of the dots Islands Indonesia has not been submitted to the Secretary-General.
Currently, government regulation has been revised and has been registered to the UN secretary general, so it needs to be taken steps to restructure the Singapore FIR are beneficial interest of Indonesia.
In case this is indeed unfortunate that, a new aviation law gives us a very long period of time is no later than 15 (fifteen) years to evaluate and eventually have been served by the institutions of national air navigation service providers.
But in the short term needs first proposed, the placement of Liasion Officer (LO) of ATS Kohanudnas in Singapore, and the need that there is a demand from Indonesia, Singapore ATS should give priority to civil and military aircraft conducting flight in Indonesia around the region.
